The paper fibre cups, which also have a paper lid, were first launched in 20 stores last year.
The cups are 100% recyclable in household waste streams or when “recycling on the go”.
They will be in use in more than 300 M&S cafes around the UK from next month.
The move is part of the M&S Plan A sustainability initiative, which includes a target of removing 75 million units of plastic during 2023/24.
The wider Plan A goals involve ditching 1bn units of plastic by 2027.
M&S has also brought in recyclable paper packaging for sandwiches and toasties at its cafes, which took out 4.5 million units of plastic.
M&S Food director of hospitality Alicia Thompson commented: “Our goal is to offer customers the most sustainable cup of coffee on the high street. A takeaway coffee they can feel good about drinking because it comes in fully recyclable cups, uses delicious 100% Fairtrade coffee beans and is made with RSPCA Assured fresh milk.
“Our customers care strongly about reducing plastic and they’ve supported our move to paper fibre cups. With no impact to the taste or temperature of their hot drink - and now 100% recyclable - this is one of the ways we’re supporting our customers to make small changes in their everyday lives, which have a big impact on the environment.”
At the time of writing, M&S had not commented on the identity of its manufacturing partner(s) for the cups.